Bones protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body. Each osteon contains concentric lamellae layers of hard, calcified matrix with osteocytes bone cells lodged in lacunae spaces between the lamellae. Cancellous or trabecular bone is located at the ends of long bones, accounts for roughly 20% of the total mass of the skeleton, and has an open, honeycomb structure. Animal bone a brief introduction abdul rauf department of physics, pyp jazan university, jazan, k. Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office at 26 red lion square london wc1r 4hq. Microscopic structure of bone osseous tissue another name for bone tissue bone is a connective tissue widely spread cells matrix. Therefore, it takes approximately 5 months for this type to integrate with an implant as opposed to 4 months for type ii bone. Bones classification by microscopic structure the bones of your body are mineralized structures that make up a major portion of your skeleton. Cortical bone, also known as compact bone and 2 trabecular bone, also known as cancellous or spongy bone. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified matrix called. Now the majority of bone is made up of the bone matrix, which consists of two principle building blocks.
Fundamentally, all dogs from great danes to yorkies are the same. Long bones are those that are longer than they are wide. Microscopic structure of bone lancaster high school. Axial down the center of body skull, vertebral column, rib cage, center pelvis appendicular off the sides of body upper and lower limbs, shoulder and hip bones 2 what are the types of bones. Bone tissue is a collection of specialized cells osteoblasts, osteoclasts. Note the outer dense compact bone also called cortical bone and the inner cancellous bone filled. The outside cortical bone is solid bone with only a few small canals. Bones come in a variety of shapes and sizes and have a complex internal and external structure. Describe the process of bone formation and bone remodeling from fetus through adulthood compact. Lecture essay 3 1 describe a long bones macroscopic and. The microscopic structure of a mammalian compact bone consists of. Bone remodeling is a physiological process in which old bone is degraded by osteoclasts, the boneresorbing cell, and subsequently replaced by new bone formed by osteoblasts, the boneforming cell 47. Sagittal section through long bone showing the internal structure of. In the past 15 years a deep interest in the concept of bone fragility has induced clinicians, biologists, physicists and engineers to intensify research for identifying and understanding the biological, material and structural features that contribute to.
Introduction to bone boundless anatomy and physiology. This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions. Bone composition bone is a connective tissue that consists principally of a mineralised extracellular matrix plus the specialised cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. Irregular bones, such as vertebrae, facial bones, or hip bones, have specific shapes, unlike the other types of bones. The end of the long bone is the epiphysis and the shaft is the diaphysis. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. The importance of canine anatomy be a better groomer. All dogs, regardless of breed, possess identical bone and muscle structure. Ppt types of bones powerpoint presentation free to. Lamellar bone is best seen during microscopic examination with polarized. The macroscopic structure of the inner part of femur long bone. These two types are classified as on the basis of porosity and the unit microstructure. Over the past few days in our classes we have been able to cover some of this topic.
The embryonic origin of this layer is still controversial. It consists of multiple microscopic columns, each called an osteon. In this image can be observed clearly the structural nature of the bone trellis. Support is dependent on bone xsec, not bone volume. The insides of the bone contain trabecular bone which is like scaffolding or a honeycomb. Identify structures and functions of the microscopic structure of compact and spongy bone 3.
Compact bone is the hard material that makes up the shaft of long bones and the outside surfaces of other bones. The blood supply is required for the bone to harden or calcify the bone next to the implant. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Many diseases that affect the whole body affect the bones in our bodies.
Water, collagen fibers, mineral salts calcification hardening of bone tissue by the deposition of mineral salts in the collagen fiber of the matrix hardness and flexibility hardness provided by the crystallized mineral. Bone function and structure osteoporosis bone mass peaks at about 35 years osteoclast activity greater than osteoblast osteoporosis occurs when the skeletal system loses bone volume and mineral content due to increased osteoclast activity bones become porous and light making them weak most common in caucasian females after menopause. Will the xsec of legs increase less fast than, equally as fast as, or. The following two bone types are usually classified separately. Structure of bone anatomy bones medical massage musculoskeletal system medical pictures medical. The paper gives a brief introduction to animal bone. Bone structure and function bone is a specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular components are mineralized. Bone consists of an abundantly calcified extracellular matrix. In a crosssection, the fibers of lamellar bone can be seen to run in opposite directions in alternating layers, much like in plywood, assisting in the bone s ability to resist torsion forces. Bone tissue undergoes continuous renewal in order to maintain the mechanical competence of the bone matrix. Cortical bone versus trabecular bone structure bone in human and other mammal bodies is generally classified into two types 1. Microscopic structure of bone the haversian system. Bone osseous tissue is the structural and supportive connective tissue of the. The structural component of the organic phase is type i fibrous collagen, which comprises about 90%.
Instructor all right so were going to be talking about the microscopic structure of bone and in particular, were going to be talking about what is called the haversian system. Doitpoms tlp library structure of bone and implant. Support and anchoring protection of vital organs movement with the aid of muscles storage fats and minerals like calcium and phosphorus hematopoiesis blood cell formation types of bones. Bone types and structure 1 what are the bone regions. Anatomy of bones and joints pdf 48p anatomy of bones and joints pdf 48p anatomy of bones and joints pdf 48p this note covers the following topics. Study 6 macroscopic structure of bone flashcards from nijemah w. While cortical bone accounts for 80% of the mass of bone in the human body, it has a much lower surface area than cancellous bone due to its lower porosity. Cartilage and bones anatomy bones, structure of bone. The spaces between the bone are filled with fluid bone marrow cells, which make the blood, and some fat cells. Pdf on jan 1, 2016, bhuvan nagpal and others published structure of bone find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Flat bone skull, ribs thin, flat short bone carpals g. Functionally, the femur acts as a lever, while the patella protects the patellar tendon from compressive forces.
Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. The structure of a long bone allows for the best visualization of all of the parts of a bone. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. The bone structure approach allows for rapid feedback regarding cost, structural optimization and overall feasibility. A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton in animals. Bone types bone types and locations american ortho. Interactions of the skeletal system and other organ systems.
In the broad sense, a bone is composed of bone tissue, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, vasculature, and nervous tissue. The domestic dog is the end result of generations of carefully controlled breeding practices. Explain the role of bone salts and the organic matrix in making bone both hard and flexible. Structure, function, and factors that influence bone cells article pdf available in biomed research international 20151. Take up the quiz below on bone pathology and see how much you understand about the features and diagnosis for the said diseases. Describe a long bones macroscopic and microscopic structure including all relevant structures epiphysis, diaphysis, spongy bone, compact bone, endosteum, medullary cavity, yellow bone marrow, periosteum, sharpeys fibers, lacunae, osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, haversian canal, volkmans canal, canaliculi, and lamella. The bones of the skeleton provide structural support for the rest of the body, permit. Multiple choice anatomy and physiology questions on bone structure. Found only in fetus, sockets of alveolar bones and sutures of the skull. The game ends when you get all 10 questions correct, or when you give up.
A calcification of animal bone is presented based on shape, structure and development. The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. Bone fragility and imaging techniques pubmed central pmc. General considerations of bones, axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton, joints, types of movement, description of selected joints, effects of aging on the joints. Sagittal section through long bone showing the internal structure of the bone. You can think of bone as being mostly made up of the bone matrix and then the cells that actually help to form this bony matrix. Diseases of bones are important in veterinary medicine.
Sesamoid or round bones, such as the kneecap, are found embedded within certain tendons. Compact bone consists of cylindrical units called osteons. The connective tissue coating covering the surface of bone, except at the articular surfaces, consisting of two distinct main layers with sublayers. Man has domesticated dogs to assist us in many daily functions. Instructor okay, so now now lets talk about the cellular structure of bone. Labeling the main structures of the microscopic bone. A group of concentric tubes resembling the rings of a tree trunk in cross section. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. All the bones in the body can be described as long bones or flat bones. Diseases of bones result in significant economic loss. Lamellar bone makes up the compact or cortical bone in the skeleton, such as the long bones of the legs and arms. Bones protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility.
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